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Creators/Authors contains: "Peterson, S"

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  1. Many colleges and universities are increasingly relying on grant funding to supplement their efforts to educate and support their growing diverse student populations. Mercy University has a long history of preparing excellent teachers and educational professionals. This article explores how the School of Education at Mercy University has secured and employed federal, state, and local grants to not only strengthen their endeavors to prepare future educators, but to drive innovative change through unique programming and mentoring support. 
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  2. During the onset of COVID-19, leadership from the Montgomery County, Maryland Community Emergency Response Team (MCCERT) initiated its Virtual Emergency Response Team (VERT) program to train an artificial intelligence-based automated system to rapidly attain pandemic-related content communicated on Twitter. The system, ‘CitizenHelper’, was developed under a National Science Foundation-funded project housed at George Mason University. 
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  3. Practice and research collaborations in the disaster domain have the potential to improve emergency management practices while also advancing disaster science theory. However, they also pose challenges as practitioners and researchers each have their own culture, history, values, incentives, and processes that do not always facilitate collaboration. In this paper, we reflect on a 6-month practice and research collaboration, where researchers and practitioners worked together to craft a social media monitoring system for emergency managers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The challenges we encountered in this project fall into two broad categories, job-related and timescale challenges. Using prior research on team science as a guide, we discuss several challenges we encountered in these two categories and show how our team sought to overcome them. We conclude with a set of best practices for improving practice and research collaborations. 
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  4. Flow-induced vibrations of flexible surfaces driven by coherent vortical structures are ubiquitous in engineering and biological flows; from the extraction of fluidic energy via oscillating electro-active polymers to vocal fold dynamics during voiced speech production. These scenarios may involve either discrete or periodic loading conditions due to the advection of vortices past the structure. This work considers, as a function of the vortex production frequency, the fluid-structure interaction that occurs as vortices are propagated tangentially over flexible plates with variable structural properties. Velocity fields are acquired with particle image velocimetry and used to compute the vorticity and pressure fields, while the plate energy is estimated from its kinematics. Primary and secondary peaks in plate deflection amplitude and the plate energy as a function of vortex production frequency are observed at integer fractions of the fundamental plate frequency. At resonance conditions, plate energy relative to discrete vortex loading is increased by approximately three orders of magnitude, while the sub-harmonics increase the plate energy by about two orders of magnitude. Additional physical influences on the energy exchange process, including vortex-to-plate spacing and Strouhal number, are also investigated, detailing the importance of spatial and temporal interactions. The magnitude of the initial plate deflection as the vortex ring approaches the plate, due to persistent vibrations from previous interactions, is shown to retard the time at which the maximum load is applied as the increased relative vortex-to-plate spacing weakens cross-sign vorticity interactions. Finally, plate properties are scaled to model the structural properties of the vocal folds and the effect of intra-glottal vortices on vocal fold dynamics is quantified, where a negligible influence is observed. 
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  5. null (Ed.)
    Most of the world's crops depend on pollinators, so declines in both managed and wild bees raise concerns about food security. However, the degree to which insect pollination is actually limiting current crop production is poorly understood, as is the role of wild species (as opposed to managed honeybees) in pollinating crops, particularly in intensive production areas. We established a nationwide study to assess the extent of pollinator limitation in seven crops at 131 locations situated across major crop-producing areas of the USA. We found that five out of seven crops showed evidence of pollinator limitation. Wild bees and honeybees provided comparable amounts of pollination for most crops, even in agriculturally intensive regions. We estimated the nationwide annual production value of wild pollinators to the seven crops we studied at over $1.5 billion; the value of wild bee pollination of all pollinator-dependent crops would be much greater. Our findings show that pollinator declines could translate directly into decreased yields or production for most of the crops studied, and that wild species contribute substantially to pollination of most study crops in major crop-producing regions. 
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